I-API 5L X70 I-Welded Line Pipe Specification - I-BLOG

{{0}Indima Yamandla Ephezulu ye-X70 Kumklamo Wepayipi

I-API 5L amamaki epayipi lomugqa amboza ububanzi obubanzi bamandla;X70iphethe ibhande eliphezulu lapho abaklami basengakwazi ukufaneleka izinqubo zokushisela ezisebenzayo. Olayini begesi-babanga elide kanye namaphayiphi okuthumela athuthela ku-X70 ikakhulukazi ukuyaukusika odongeni ukushuba kanye steel tonnagengaphandle kokunciphisa ingcindezi yokuklama. Leyo nhlanganisela yamandla aphezulu nokushisela okulawulekayo ichaza ukuthi kungani i-X70 ivamise ukuthatha indawo ye-X60/X65 emizileni emisha,{4}}ephezulu. Izishayeli zedizayini ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:

Ingcindezi yokusebenza ephezulu-yokudluliswa kwegesi ebangeni elide
Isisindo sepayipi ephansi endaweni ethambile noma endaweni enzima
Imigqa yokuthekelisa exhumene nentuthuko yaphesheya kwezilwandle lapho ubude bomzila bukhulisa izindleko zensimbi
Ukujiya noma ukunyusa amaphaseji akhona kuyilapho ugcina ukujiya kodonga ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo eyakhayo

Uma iphrojekthi ikhiyiwe ku-X70, ukucaciswa kwezinto zivamise ukuchazaIzinga le-PSL, ifomu lomkhiqizo elishiselwe kanye nomqondo wokumbozandawonye, bese wengeza i-NDT, imibhalo kanye nezidingo zokwakha eduze kwaleyo nketho eyinhloko.

API 5L X70 ERW HFW welded pipe manufacturing line - octal pipe API 5L X70 SSAW spiral welded pipe seam detail - octal pipe

Amazinga Okuphatha kanye Namazinga Omkhiqizo

Idokhumenti yereferensi yeIpayipi lomugqa oshiselwe i-API 5L X70iyindinganiso ye-API 5L, eqondaniswe ne-ISO 3183. Ukucaciswa kwephrojekthi kuvame ukubiza enye yalezi zinhlanganisela:

X70 PSL1– ipayipi likalayini elishiselwe lesevisi yokudlulisa jikelele
X70 PSL2– ipayipi lolayini elishiselwe elinemikhawulo eqinile yokwakheka, indlela yokuqina kanye nokulandeleka

I-API 5L ihlanganisa imikhiqizo engenamthungo neshiselwe, kodwa{1}}ibanga elide,{2}}amasistimu amakhulu obubanzi athembele kakhuluezishiselwe X70. Ngepayipi elishiselwe le-PSL2, imibhalo yephrojekthi ivamise ukuthi:

Isimo sokulethwa (TMCP noma i-Q+T, kuye ngomzila wepuleti/ikhoyili)
Kudingeka izinga lokushisa elidingekayo le-Charpy namandla amuncwa
Ububanzi be-NDT nemvamisa ye-weld seam nomzimba wepayipi
Imithetho yokulandela umkhondo kusukela ekushiseni kwensimbi kuya epayipini eliqediwe, okuhlanganisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa namarekhodi okunamathela

Izinqubo zokugaya kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola nokuhlola (ama-ITP) bese zihumusha lezi zidingo zibe izinyathelo zokukhiqiza kanye nezinhlelo zamasampula.

Iphrofayela Yempahla Yemishini kanye Namanothi Omklamo

Isici isici X70 kuyinto yayoashiwo amandla amancane esivuno (i-SMYS)kwe70,000 psi (≈ 485 MPa)ngaphansi kwe-API 5L. Leli zinga lesivuno eliphakeme yilo elivumela abaklami behlise ukujiya kodonga uma kuqhathaniswa ne-X60/X65 ngengcindezi efanayo yokuklama.

Ithebula 1 – Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile ezincane ezijwayelekile (inkomba):

Ibanga	Izinga le-PSL	Okuncane. Yield Strength SMYS (MPa)	Okuncane. I-Tensile Strength SMTS (MPa)	Ubude obujwayelekile (%)
X60	I-PSL1/PSL2	Kukhulu noma kulingana no-415	Kukhulu noma kulingana no-520	≈ 21
X65	I-PSL1/PSL2	Kukhulu noma kulingana nama-450	Kukhulu noma kulingana no-535	≈ 20–22
X70	I-PSL1/PSL2	Kukhulu noma kulingana nama-485	Kukhulu noma kulingana no-570	≈ 18–21

Amanothi edizayini{0}amandla aphezulu:

I-SMYS ephakeme inika amandla izindonga ezincanyana ngaphansi kwengcindezi yangaphakathi enikeziwe, kodwa amaqembu aklama abe esenaka kakhulu i-ovality, ukubopha kwendawo kanye nemithwalo yangaphandle, ikakhulukazi yesevisi engcwatshwe nasogwini.
I-SMTS ihlanganiswe nezibalo zokulawula ukuphuka ukuze kuhlolwe ukuziphatha kokuboshwa kokuqhekeka, okubalulekile kolayini begesi-abade.
Ukwelulwa kufanele kuhlale kwanele ekugobeni kwenkundla ebandayo,{0}}ukubopha nokunyakazisa phansi; amaphrojekthi amaningi afanelekela ukugoba kanye nokushisela kwe-girth kumapayipi amele i-X70 ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale ukushisela okugcwele kokukhiqiza.

Amaphrojekthi we-PSL2 X70 ajwayele ukucacisaUkuhlolwa komthelela ka-Charpy V-notchezingeni lokushisa elichaziwe. Izintambo-ezisindayo zodonga negesi zivame ukwengezaI-DWTT (yehlisa-ukuhlolwa kwezinyembezi)ukusekela ukulawulwa kokusabalalisa ukuphuka.

Ukukhiqiza Okushiselwe nge-LSAW Njengomzila Omkhulu

Umzila wokukhiqiza udlala indima enkulu endleleni i-X70 eyenza ngayo uma isifakiwe. Kumaphrojekthi amaningi-amaningi amakhulu,{3}}omfutho ophezulu wegesi namafutha,I-LSAW (SAWL) ithathwa njengenketho eyinhloko, kuyilapho kusetshenziswa i-ERW/HFW ne-SSAW lapho amandla awo obubanzi nogqinsi ehambisana nemvilophu yokuklama.

1 LSAW / SAWL – Umzila Omkhulu Wemigqa Ephakeme-Yamandla

Ipayipi le-LSAW X70 likhiqizwa kusukaipuleti elibanzieyakhiwe yi-UOE noma i-JCO izinqubo futhi ifakwe nge-weldedukushisela i-arc engaphansi kwe-arc ekabili-esemaceleni. Le nhlanganisela isekelaububanzi obukhulu nezindonga ezinzima, kanye nobubanzi obudingekayo emigqeni emide yegesi kanye nemigqa yokuthekelisa yaphesheya kwezilwandle ehamba ngengcindezi ephezulu. Imingcele yokwakha nokushisela isethwe ukuze amandla epuleti, amandla okushisela kanye nokuqina kwe-HAZ konke kuhlangabezane nezimfuneko ze-X70 nxazonke zesiyingi esigcwele.

Izici ezijwayelekile ze-LSAW X70 zifaka:

-Ubude obugcwele be-UT bomthungo we-weld kanye nomzimba wepayipi, ne-RT ezindaweni ezichaziwe lapho kudingeka
Ingcindezi-ukwelashwa kokushisisa kwengcindezi-ezigabeni eziwudonga ukuze kwehliswe ingcindezi esele futhi kuthuthukiswe ukulawula kobukhulu
Ukubekezelela okuqinile ngaphandle-kokuthi{1}}okuyindilinga nokuqondile ukuze kusekelwe ukugoba kwenkambu kanye nokufakwa ogwini
Izindawo zamasampula ezichazwe ku-base metal, i-HAZ nensimbi yokushisela ukuze kuhlolwe amandla kanye nomthelela

Lokhu kuhlanganisaamandla aphezulu,{0}}ukuqina kodonga kanye nokunemba kwejometriichaza ukuthi kungani i-LSAW ivamise ukuba umzila wokuqala wokukhiqiza ohlolwayo lapho iphrojekthi icacisa i-X70 yama-trunklines amasha.

2 ERW / HFW kanye ne-SSAW – Imizila Ehambisanayo

I-LSAW ayibandakanyi lonke ububanzi nodonga-inhlanganisela yokuqina.I-ERW/HFW ne-SSAWgcwalisa izikhala futhi usekele izicelo zesifunda:

ERW / HFW X70

Ikhiqizwe kusuka ku-hot-ikhoyili egoqiwe, eyisikiwe futhi yakhiwe ngaphambi{1}}imvamisa yokushisela komthungo we-longitudinal.
Isetshenziswa kakhulu kumadayamitha amancane namaphakathi anogqinsi olumaphakathi lwezindonga{0}ezinhlelweni ezisekelwe kumhlaba, amaluphu namapayipi esiteshi.
Ikhwalithi yomthungo we-Weld igadwe yi-inthanethi ye-NDT (UT/EC); Imininingwane ye-PSL2 ingase ibize i-PWHT yendawo ekushiseleleni kanye ne-HAZ.

I-SSAW / SAWH X70

Kwenziwe ngekhoyili eyakhiwe nge-engeli ye-helical enamashisela e-arc angaphansi nangaphakathi.
Inikeza ukusetshenziswa okuhle kwempahla ngamadayimitha amakhulu lapho ama-spiral seams amukelekayo kukhodi yokuklama kanye nokucaciswa kwephrojekthi.
Imvamisa ilethwa -ngobude obugcwele be-UT ye-spiral weld, kanye ne-RT lapho iphrojekthi idinga isiqiniseko esengeziwe.

Yonke imizila ishuniwe ukuzeweld kanye ne-HAZ izakhiwo azibuthakathaka kunempahla yomzali ye-X70, iphuzu elibalulekile lapho ibanga lisetshenziswa emazingeni aphezulu okucindezeleka.

3 UOE kanye ne-JCOE Eyakha i-X70 LSAW Pipe

Indlela yokwenza ipuleti inomthelela oqondile ekulawuleni i-ovality, ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka okusalayo kanye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional jikelele. Ku-X70 LSAW, kokubiliUOEfuthiJCOEimigqa isetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi amaqembu ephrojekthi kwesinye isikhathi abuza ukuthi aqhathaniseka kanjani nombono wobunjiniyela.

Ithebula 2 – Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-UOE vs. JCOE ukwakha ipayipi lolayini le-X70 LSAW:

Isici	Ukwakhiwa kwe-UOE	Ukwakhiwa kwe-JCOE	Umthelela Ojwayelekile Kumaphrojekthi we-X70
Ukwakha ukulandelana	U{{0}cindezela → O-cindezela → Ukunweba	J{{0}cindezela (izinyathelo-eziningi) → C-cindezela → O-cindezela → Ukunweba	Izinyathelo ezengeziwe ku-JCOE zinikeza ukulawula okuvumelana nezimo phezu kosayizi abahlukene bodonga
Ukulawula ubukhulu	Ukujikeleza okuhle kakhulu ngemuva kokunwetshwa	Ukuyindilinga okuhle, ngokuvamile ngokunwetshwa okuphansi kancane	I-UOE ivame ukuthandwa lapho kucaciswa i-ovality eqinile
Ububanzi bodonga	Iqinile kumapuleti odonga aphakathi nendawo ukuya esindayo	Futhi ifanele udonga olusindayo olunokwakheka-kwezinyathelo eziningi	Zombili zingasekela ukuqina kodonga lwe-trunkline ye-X70 evamile
Iphethini yokucindezeleka eyinsalela	Ukwandiswa kuvame ukugcizelela i-homogenise ezungeze i-OD	Ukwakhiwa kwe-stepwise kusabalalisa ubunzima ngezigaba eziningana	I-JCOE kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziswa lapho kukhethwa uhlobo oluphansi lokwakheka
Ukuguquguquka kweqoqo lokukhiqiza	Isebenza kahle kumathani amakhulu, izinguquko zikasayizi olinganiselwe	Ivumelana nezimo ezinguqukweni zobubanzi/ubukhulu obuvamile	I-JCOE ingcono kumaphrojekthi wokulethwa-obubanzi noma afakwe kusiteji
Ukugxila kohlelo lokusebenza okujwayelekile	Izigaba ezinde, zomugqa oyinhloko ofanayo nokubekezelelana okuqinile	Amaphrojekthi anosayizi abahlukahlukene, izigaba zomzila wesiteji	Kokubili kungahlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-X70 uma izinqubo zifanelekile

Ukukhethwa phakathi kwe-UOE ne-JCOE ngokuvamile kuncike kakhulu ekucushweni kwesigayo nasekuxubeni kwephrojekthi kunasekwehlukeni okuyisisekelo kokusebenza. Uma kwakhiwa, izinqubo zokushisela kanye nokunwetshwa zifaneleka ezimfuneko ze-X70, yomibili imizila ingaletha{2}}umzimba wamapayipi anamandla, aphansi{3}}e-ovalisation adingekayo ukuze uthole isevisi ye-trunkline.

API 5L X70 welded line pipe stock pipes stacked in yard - octal pipe API 5L X70 LSAW straight seam welded pipe weld seam close up - octal pipe

I-Chemistry Control for High-Strength Welded Line Pipe

I-X70 igijima eduze komkhawulo ongaphezulu wengcindezi evamile yepayipi, ngakho-keukwakheka kwamakhemikhalikumele ilethe amandla nokuqina ngaphandle kokuvala ukushisela. I-Carbon equivalent (CE) kanye namazinga e-microalloying ngakho-ke achazwa ngaphakathi kwamabhendi amancane.

Ithebula 3 – Izigaba zokuqamba eziyizinkomba ze-API 5L X70 eshiselwe (PSL2, inkomba):

Isici	Ibanga Elijwayelekile (%)	Iqhaza ku-X70 Welded Line Pipe
C	≈ 0.06–0.12	Inikeza amandla esisekelo; igcinwe iphansi ukuze kugcinwe ukushisela
UMn	≈ 1.40–1.80	Isekela amandla kanye nomthelela wokuqina
P	Ngaphansi noma kulingana nokuthi 0.020–0.025	I-phosphorus ephansi inciphisa ingozi yokuphuka kwe-brittle
S	Ngaphansi noma kulingana nokuthi 0.010–0.015	Isibabule esiphansi sithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-weld kanye ne-HAZ
Nb, V, Ti (inani)	≈ 0.03–0.10	Ukucwenga okusanhlamvu nokuqinisa imvula

Izidingo ezijwayelekile ze-PSL2 zepayipi elishiselwe i-X70 zifaka:

Imikhawulo ephezulu ye-CEIIW kanye/noma i-PCM yokugcina izimfuneko zokushisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ne-interpass ngaphakathi kwebanga elisebenzayo
Imikhawulo yengqikithi ye-Nb+V+Ti kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-microalloy ngayinye
Izilawuli ozikhethela zona ku-Cu, i-Ni, i-Cr ne-Mo ukuze zihambisane nezinqubo zokushisela
Ukuqina obengeziwe kanye nemibandela yokuqina ezigabeni-ezisindayo noma emizileni{1}}yezinga lokushisa eliphansi

Ukulawula okunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu umaaphezulu-amandla X70kuhlanganiswe nezimo zezulu ezibandayo, izici zokuklama eziphakeme noma ukuhlanganiswa kwezilwandle.

I-Dimensional Range kanye Nokukhethwa Kwephrojekthi Okujwayelekile

I-Welded X70 inganikezwa ngemvilophu yobukhulu obubanzi. Amandla okugaya abeka imikhawulo ephelele, kodwa ukukhetha okujwayelekile kwephrojekthi kuwela phakathi kobubanzi obungezansi.

Ithebula 4 – Ububanzi obujwayelekile obujwayelekile bepayipi lomugqa we-X70 elishiselwe (inkomba):

Into	Ibanga / Incazelo
Ngaphandle Ububanzi	Cishe. 4" – 56" (≈ 114 – 1422 mm)
Ukuqina Kwezindonga	Cishe ku-6 - 35 mm, eqhutshwa ukucindezela nokuhlola ukuzinza
Ubude	I-SRL / DRL, noma iphrojekthi-ukusika okuthile{1}}kuya{2}}ubude
Qeda Qeda	I-Plain end (PE) noma i-beveled end (BE) yokushisela insimu
Ukuqondile	Ngokuvamile kukhawulelwe ku-≈ 0.15 % wobude bepayipi

Abaklami beizintambo zegesi yokucindezela ogwini{0}eziphezulukuvame ukuhlanganisa ama-diameter amakhulu nokuqina kodonga olumaphakathi ukulinganisa umthamo kanye nokukhiqiza kokushisela. I-X70 isetshenziswe kuukuthekelisa ngaphandle kolwandle noma imigqa yokuwangokuvamile ifaka izindonga eziwugqinsi ukumelana nokucindezela kwangaphandle, ukugoba nokufaka imithwalo, kanye nemikhawulo eqinile ye-ovality nokungapheleli kwendawo kwejometri.

Amasistimu wokumboza{0}}njengalawoI-FBE, 3LPE, 3LPP kanye nensimbi enesisindo sikakhonkolo-zibe sezicaciswa ukuze kubhekwane nengcuphe yokugqwala,{1}}ekuzinzeni okuphansi nokusebenza okushisayo emzileni.

Ukuhlola, Ukuhlola kanye Nokulawulwa Kwenqubo Yokushisela

I-X70 isebenza ngengcindezi ephakeme kunamamaki aphansi, ngakho ukuhlola nokuhlola kuhlanganisa kakhulu. Isikimu esimele ipayipi le-X70 elishiselwe lingafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Ithebula 5 - Isibonelo sokuhlola kanye nokuhlola i-matrix ye-API 5L X70 eshiselwe:

Isigaba	Izidingo Ezijwayelekile Zepayipi Elishiselwe I-X70
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic	I-100 % yamapayipi, ingcindezi yokuhlola esethwe ngekhodi yokuklama
I-Weld Seam NDT	100 % UT / RT / EC kuye ngenqubo kanye nezinga le-PSL
Umzimba wepayipi NDT	I-UT ye-LSAW/SSAW, ukuhlola okwengeziwe ngephrojekthi ngayinye
Ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile	Ngobubanzi bokushisa nobukhulu
Ukuhlolwa komthelela we-Charpy	Iyadingeka ku-PSL2 ngezinga lokushisa okuvunyelwene ngalo kanye nendawo
I-DWTT	Ngokuvamile kucaciswa ukudluliswa kwegesi nezindonga ezinzima
Amasheke we-Dimensional	I-OD, udonga, i-ovality, ukuqondisa, i-geometry yokugcina
Ukuhlolwa kwe-coating	Ukuhlolwa kweholide kanye nokucaciswa kwento ngayinye enamathelayo

Amaqembu okwakha avame ukunaka kakhuluUkufaneleka kwenqubo yokushisela (WPS/PQR)lapho usebenza nge-X70. Amaphuzu ajwayelekile okugxilwa kuwo afaka:

Okokufaka kokushisa kanye nemikhawulo yokushisa yokudlula
Amandla ensimbi yokushisela afanayo noma afanayo kancane uma kuqhathaniswa ne-X70 base metal
Ukuqina nokuqina kwe-HAZ, ikakhulukazi ukushisela okungomshini
Ukulawulwa kokungahambi kahle, ukuqiniswa kwe-weld kanye nengcindezi eyinsalela kuma-girth welds

-Izinqubo eziqeqeshiwe nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe bavumela amajoyinti e-X70 ukuthi afakwe ngezilinganiso zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko kuyilapho ehlangabezana nezimfuneko zekhwalithi eziqinile.

Izicelo kanye ne-Octal Pipe Supply Scope

Abanikazi bamapayipi ngokuvamile benza uhlu olufushaneIpayipi lomugqa oshiselwe i-API 5L X70lapho ibanga elilodwa kufanele lihlanganise ukucindezela komklamo ophezulu, umzila omude nogqinsi olulawulekayo lwezindonga. Izimo ezivamile zihlanganisa imigqa emisha yegesi ezindaweni ezikude, imigqa yokuthekelisa kanye neyokuwela phansi eboshelwe ezinkambeni zasogwini, kanye nezihibe ezithuthukisiwe noma izingxenye ezishintshayo emihubheni ekhona lapho kokubili umthamo namandla amaphethelo kudingeka akhule ngaphandle kwesisindo samapayipi eseqile.

I-Octal Pipe isekela la maphrojekthi nge-X70 eshiselwe ku-API 5L PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2 kumafomu we-ERW/HFW, LSAW kanye ne-SSAW, ububanzi obuhambisanayo, ukushuba kodonga, isistimu yokumboza kanye nobubanzi bokuhlola esimisweni sephrojekthi. Ukufakaza kwenkampani yesithathu-nge-BV, DNV, SGS noma ezinye izindikimba eziqokiwe kungahlelwa ukuze amarekhodi wezinto ezibonakalayo-anamandla e-X70 aphezulu ahlanganiswe ngokuhlanzekile ekwakhiweni kwamaphayiphi kanye nohlaka lwe-QA/QC.

FAQ

01.Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-API 5L X70 PSL1 ne-PSL2 yepayipi elishiselwe?

A1:I-PSL2 iqine kakhulu ekulawuleni amakhemikhali nokuhlola/ukwamukela, futhi ivamise ukucaciswa kumaphrojekthi amapayipi abalulekile.

02.Ngikhetha kanjani i-ERW vs LSAW vs SSAW ye-API 5L X70 ipayipi lomugqa oshiselwe?

A2:Khetha ngokusekelwe kubukhulu obudingekayo be-OD/udonga, i-project spec, nezidingo ze-weld/NDT-I-LSAW/SSAW zivamile kumadayamitha amakhulu, i-ERW kumasayizi amancane kuya kwamaphakathi.

03.Yini okufanele ngiyicele ukuze ngiqinisekise ikhwalithi yepayipi elishiselwe i-API 5L X70 ngaphambi kokuthenga?

A3:Cela i-MTC/ukulandeleka, ileveli ye-PSL edingekayo, amanani alingana nekhabhoni, imiphumela ye-NDT, i-hydrotest, kanye nanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi-ukuhlolwa komthelela/ukuphuka okucacisiwe