I-API 5L X65 Welded Line Pipe

Ngaphakathi komndeni we-API 5L,X65kuvame ukukhethwa lapho abaklami befuna umfutho ophakeme wokusebenza kanye{0}}nokudluliselwa kwebanga elide, kodwa kusadingeka ibanga elingashiselwa futhi lifakwe kahle esizeni. Icaciswe kabanzi kumigqa yeziqu ezingcolile negesi, amapayipi okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kolwandle, amaluphu egesi esifunda kanye nezihloko-eziphezulu zesiteshi sokucindezela lapho i-X52/X60 iqina odongeni{5}}ukuhlolwa kokuqina, kuyilapho i-X70/X80 izongeza izinto ezingadingekile nokuba yinkimbinkimbi kokushisela.

Uma i-X65 isikhethiwe, isinqumo esilandelayo ngokuvamile yi-ifomu lomkhiqizo: ERW/HFW, LSAW/SAWL noma SSAW/SAWH. Lokho kukhetha kuncike ekutheni ulayini uzokwakhiwa kanjani - ama-onshore spreads aqondile, ukuwela umgwaqo/imifula, angashoni-amanzi S-aphansi noma ajulile-amanzi J-alala - kanye nasezinhlelweni zokumboza zangaphandle nezangaphakathi ezidingekayo kule sevisi.

IbangaX65kuchazwa kuI-API 5L(kuhambisana neISO 3183), indinganiso eyinhloko yamapayipi kalayini angenamthungo futhi ashiselwe asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuthutha zamapayipi embonini kawoyela negesi. Ukuqokwa okufana ne-"X65M" noma "X65Q" kubonisa kokubili izinga lamandla nesimo sokulethwa:

• I-X65 (PSL1)– isisekelo sebanga lepayipi lomugqa
• I-X65M (PSL2)– i-thermo-icutshungulwe ngomshini, ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe
• I-X65Q (PSL2)- ucishiwe futhi uthukuthele ngenxa yenkonzo enzima kakhulu

Ezigabeni zemizila ezithathwa njengezibalulekile - njengeziphambano ezizwela imvelo kanyeisevisi yasolwandlethekelisa imigqa - imininingwane evamise ukuyidingaPSL2 X65ngenxa yokulawula kwayo amakhemikhali okuqinile, ukuhlolwa kokuqina okuyisibopho kanye nemibhalo enemininingwane eyengeziwe. I-Seamless X65 ivunyelwe ngokwejwayelekile, kodwa amapayipi amakhulu-amakhulu futhi amade{3}}avame ukukhethwa.ezishiselwe X65ukulinganisa umthamo, izinga lokushisela kanye nezindleko zephrojekthi.

Kuhlelo lwe-API 5L,X65ihambisana namandla amancane ashiwo (i-SMYS) we65,000 psi (≈ 450 MPa). Lelo nani liya ngqo odongeni-ubukhulu nokucindezela amafomula ku-ASME B31.4, B31.8 kanye namakhodi afanayo.

Ithebula 1 – Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile ezincane ezijwayelekile (inkomba):

Ezibalweni zedizayini, i-SMYS iphindaphindwa into yokuklama ukunikeza ingcindezi ye-hoop evumelekile, futhi lokhu bese kusetha ingcindezi yokusebenza ephezulu.I-SMTSinikeza umkhawulo owengeziwe ngokumelene nokwehluleka kokugcina lapho ingcindezi yangaphakathi ihlanganiswa nokugoba, imiphumela yokushisa kanye nemithwalo yangaphandle.Ukwelulakubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwakha nokusebenza, ngoba kubonisa ukuthi ipayipi lingakwazi kanjani ukubekezelela ukugoba kwenkundla,{0}}ukubopha, ukugcwaliswa ngemuva kanye{1}nokunyakaza komhlabathi kwesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.

Ku-PSL2 X65, imibhalo yephrojekthi ivame ukucacisaUkuhlolwa komthelela ka-Charpy V-notchezingeni lokushisa elichaziwe, futhi, ngodonga oluwugqinsi noma{0}}imigqa yezinga lokushisa eliphansi,I-DWTT(yehlisa-ukuhlolwa kwezinyembezi) ukuze usekele ukuhlolwa kokulawula ukuphuka.

Ukuze ufinyelele amandla e-X65 ngaphandle kokwenza ukushisela kube nzima kakhulu, ibanga lincike kukhemistri elinganiselwe kunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-alloy. Ikhabhoni, i-manganese kanye nezakhi ze-microalloying zilungiswa ndawonye ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinjongo zokuqina, kuyilapho i-phosphorus nesibabule kukhawulelwe ukuvikela ukusebenza kwe-weld kanye ne-HAZ.

Ithebula 2 – Ububanzi bokuqamba obujwayelekile bepayipi lomugqa oshiselwe i-X65 (amanani ayireferensi):

Ngokombono wobunjiniyela:

• Ikhabhoni (C)inikeza amandla esisekelo kodwa kufanele igcinwe ezingeni eligcina i-carbon equivalent (CE) ifanele ukushiselwa kwensimu.
• I-Manganese (Mn)isekela kokubili amandla kanye{0}}nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
• I-Phosphorus (P) kanye nesulfure (S)zincishiswa ku-PSL2 ukuze kuncishiswe ukuziphatha okuxegayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokushisela kanye ne-HAZ.
• I-Niobium, i-vanadium ne-titanium (Nb/V/Ti)ngamanani amancane cwenga usayizi wokusanhlamvu futhi usize ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuqina zamaphrojekthi adingeka kakhulu.

Ezifundeni ezibandayo noma isevisi yasogwini emanzini ajulile{0}}asezingeni lokushisa eliphansi noma eliphansi, imininingwane yephrojekthi ingase yethule imikhawulo eqinile ku-CE kanye nesamba se-microalloy ukuze kunikezwe imajini eyengeziwe yokulawula ukushisela nokwaphuka.

Ekwenziweni kwephrojekthi, ingxoxo ayikaze ikhulume nge-abstract "X65 steel", kodwa mayelanaIpayipi le-X65 elenziwe ngenqubo ethile, ngayinye inobubanzi bayo bobubanzi,{0}}ukuqina kodonga kanye nesakhiwo sezindleko.

I-ERW / HFW (Ephezulu-Imvamisa Eshiselwe):

• Ikhiqizwe ngekhoyili eshisayo-egoqiwe ehlukaniswayo, yakheke ibe yindilinga futhi ishiselwe eduze komthungo we-longitudinal.
• Okujwayelekile kumadayamitha amancane namaphakathi anogqinsi olumaphakathi odongeni kumapayipi asemhlabeni namapayipi esiteshi.
• Ikhwalithi yomthungo we-Weld igadwe yi-NDT eku-inthanethi; kumaphrojekthi we-PSL2, -ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-weld ku-weld kanye ne-HAZ kungacaciswa.

I-LSAW / SAWL (Longitudinal SAW):

• Kwenziwe ngepuleti kusetshenziswa ukwakheka kwe-UOE noma i-JCO, kulandelwa amashisela e-arc angaphansi nangaphansi.
• Ifaneleububanzi obukhulu nezindonga eziwugqinsiedingekayo{0}emigqeni emikhulu yokucindezela kanye namapayipi okuthumela ngaphandle kolwandle.
• Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kufaka phakathi-i-UT ephelele kanye/noma i-RT, kanye nengcindezi-ukwelashwa kokushisa okusizayo ezigabeni ezinzima.

I-SSAW / SAWH (Spiral SAW):

• Yakhiwe ngekhoyili nge-engeli ye-helical futhi yashiselwa nhlangothi zombili ngezinqubo ze-arc ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
• Kuyakhanga lapho ama-diameter amakhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamakhoyili kuyizindleko ezibalulekile.
• I-spiral weld seam iskenwa ngobude bayo obugcwele, ngokuvamile nge-UT futhi, lapho kudingeka, i-RT.
• I-API 5L ivumela i-X65 engenamthungo neshiselwe, kodwa ngamapayipi{2}}aphakeme kakhulu angasogwini nasogwini,ezishiselwe X65iyakhethwa ngoba ihlinzeka ngamadayimitha amakhulu, ikhwalithi yokushisela ephindaphindwayo kanye nezindleko ezifakiwe ezincintisanayo.

Isijobelelo se-"PSL1 / PSL2" ku-X65 sithinta kakhuluukwethembeka nokulandeleka, hhayi izinga lamandla ayisisekelo. I-SMYS iyafana, kodwa i-PSL2 yengeza izidingo eziqinile zekhemistri, ukuqina, i-NDT kanye nemibhalo.

Ithebula 3 – X65 PSL1 vs PSL2 (eyenziwe lula):

Empeleni, i-PSL1 ivamise ukusetshenziselwa{1}}ukuqoqa ubungozi obuncane noma{2}}emgqeni wezitshalo, kuyilapho i-PSL2 ikhethelwa izingxenye eziyinhloko, ukuwela okubalulekile kanye nemigqa yokuthekelisa ehlobene nentuthuko yasolwandle.

Ipayipi elishiselwe i-X65 linga-odwa ngobubanzi obuyi-dimensional obuhlanganisa amasistimu wokuqoqa,{1}}imigqa emide{1}}yokudluliswa kwebanga nezindlela zokuthekelisa zasolwandle, ngokuqina kodonga okunqunywa ingcindezi yangaphakathi, ingcindezi yangaphandle kanye nokuhlola ukuzinza.

Ithebula 4 – Ububanzi obujwayelekile bobukhulu bepayipi lomugqa oshiselwe i-X65 (inkomba):

Ngobaisevisi yasolwandle, ukucaciswa kungase futhi kulawule i-ovality nokungapheleli kwejiyomethri yendawo, ngoba ingcindezi yangaphandle, ukugoba nemithwalo yokufaka (S-i-lay, -i-lay, i-reel-i-lay) inzima kakhulu kunemigqa evamile yasogwini. Iziphetho zamapayipi zinganikezwa njengei-plain (PE), beveled (BE)noma ngomshini wangokwezifiso wokufanisa izibopheli zebhande,{0}}imininingwane yokuhlanganisa yenkambu noma amasistimu okuxhuma.

Uhlelo lwekhwalithi lwe-X65 luvamise ukuhlanganisa i-hydrotesting, i-NDT nokuhlolwa kwemishini. Okwamapayipi aklanyelweisevisi yasolwandlenoma amaphasishi aseduze nogu, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezifanayo zokuhlola, kodwa ububanzi bazo kanye nemibandela yokwamukela kuvame ukucwengwa.

Ithebula lesi-5 - I-matrix yokuhlola eyinkomba (egxile kusevisi yasolwandle):

* "Isevisi eyengeziwe yokugxila ogwini" ifingqa iphrojekthi evamile-ukulungiswa okuqondile kwemigqa engaphansi kolwandle noma eduze nogu.

Ngale kwetafula, isevisi ye-offshore ivamise ukudinga ukulawula okunamandlaukugqwala kwangaphandle nokuvikelwa kwemishini, Ngokwesibonelo:

• Ukufaneleka kwamasistimu okunamathela angaphandle ngaphansi kokugoba ngesikhathi S-i-lay, J-i-lay noma i-reel{2}}lay.
• Izinqubo zokuhlanganisa zensimu eziqinisekisiwe ezihambisana ne-mainline coating.
• Ukwembozwa ngesisindo okukhonkolo noma imikhono ukuze uzuze-ekuzinzeni phansi.
• Ukufakaza okuzikhethela-kwenkampani yangaphandle (i-BV, i-DNV, i-SGS, njll.) ukuze kuhlolwe izimbotshana nokuhlolwa kwemishini.

Ipayipi le-API 5L X65 lawa maphrojekthi lingakhiqizwa futhi lihlolwe ngaphansi-ukugadwa okuvela eceleni ukuze kufane namakhodi edizayini yasolwandle kanye nezimfuneko zephrojekthi ye-QA/QC.

Kubasebenzisi abaningi,X65iyibanga elisebenzayo elithi "ihhashi lomsebenzi" kanye nengcindezi edingekayo, ubude bomzila nokubaluleka komugqa kudlula indawo yokunethezeka engu-X52/X60, kodwa iphrojekthi isadinga ukuziphatha okubikezelwe kokushisela kanye nezindleko zokuyifaka. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• Amapayipi{0}}abanga amade kawoyela ongahluziwe kanye negesi yemvelo
• Imigqa yokuthekelisa yasogwini isuka ezindaweni ezingaphansi kolwandle iye kumatheminali ogwini
• Izingxenye zokuwa kwe-Nearshore kanye nezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokubhekana nazo
• Amalophu okuhambisa igesi esifunda kanye{0}}namapayipi esiteshi sokucindezela okuphezulu
• Izigaba ezikhethiwe zokugeleza kanye nesikhuphukeli lapho i-X65 ilingana nedizayini yesistimu yomhlaba wonke

Njengomhlinzeki{0}ogxile kuphrojekthi,Ipayipi le-Octalingahlinzeka ngepayipi le-API 5L X65 ku-PSL1 ne-PSL2 ngezinketho ze-ERW, i-LSAW ne-SSAW, ezifaniswe nedizayini yomzila, ububanzi, ukujiya kodonga, isistimu yokumboza nobubanzi bokuhlola, futhi ingahlela-ukuhlolwa kwenkampani yangaphandle ngesicelo ukuze kuhambisane nobunjiniyela beklayenti kanye nezidingo ze-QA/QC kuzo zombili isevisi yasogwini nesogwini.

FAQ

 

 

Q1: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwepayipi elishiselwe i-API 5L X65 PSL1 ne-PSL2?

A1:I-PSL2 idinga ukulawulwa kwekhemikhali okuqinile kanye nokuhlola/ukulandeleka okuqinile, ngakho ngokuvamile icaciswa amapayipi abalulekile.

Q2: Ngikhetha kanjani i-ERW vs LSAW vs SSAW ye-API 5L X65 ipayipi yomugqa oshiselwe?

A2:Khetha ngokusekelwe ku-OD/ugqinsi oludingekayo kanye nesici sephrojekthi-I-ERW yosayizi abancane/abamaphakathi, i-LSAW/SSAW yamadayamitha amakhulu nezindonga ezinkulu.

Q3: Yimaphi amadokhumenti nezivivinyo okufanele ngizicele ipayipi lomugqa oshiselwe i-API 5L X65 ngaphambi kokuthenga?

A3:Cela i-3.1 MTC enokulandeleka kwenombolo yokushisa, ileveli ye-PSL, CE/CEpcm, imiphumela ye-NDT (UT/RT njengoba kudingeka), i-hydrotest, nanoma yiziphi izimfuneko zesevisi-ezimuncu uma zikhona.

Izitifiketi

 

Isitifiketi se-CE

Isitifiketi se-ISO 9001

Isitifiketi se-API Q1

Isitifiketi se-ABS

Isitifiketi se-AP-5L

Isitifiketi se-API-5CT